Why bones fractures easily when we get older?
As we get older, our bones lose bone mass and our bone density may decrease. Our bones also become more fragile and break more easily.
Natural bone loss accelerates in
middle age. This is especially true during menopause (usually around age 50,
defined as premature menopause if it happens before age 45). During this time,
levels of protective estrogen decrease. For men, the loss is more gradual
because testosterone slowly declines.
At age 65, however, everyone is in
the same boat, as the rate of bone loss is similar between the sexes. From
there, bone mass gradually declines for the rest of your life, putting you at
greater risk for fractures.
"For every five years that pass
after age 65, your risk of fracture essentially doubles," says Dr. Deal.
Our lifestyle has a major impact on bone health as we age. It is important to lead a healthy lifestyle with sufficient exercise and activities that stimulate bone renewal.
These changes can lead to a number of problems, including:
- Osteoporosis: Osteoporosis
is a condition in which bones become weak and brittle. It is the most
common bone disease in the United States, and it affects more than 10
million Americans.
- Fractures: Fractures
are breaks in the bones. They are more common in older people, and they
can be serious.
- Pain: Pain
is a common symptom of bone problems. It can be caused by fractures,
arthritis, or other conditions.
There are a number of things that can be done to prevent bone problems in older people. These include:
- Getting
enough calcium and vitamin D: Calcium and vitamin D are essential for
building strong bones. Older people should get at least 1,200 milligrams
of calcium and 800 international units of vitamin D each day.
- Exercising
regularly: Exercise helps to build strong bones and muscles. Older
people should aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise
most days of the week.
- Quitting
smoking: Smoking can weaken bones and make them more likely to break.
Older people who smoke should quit smoking.
- Avoiding excessive alcohol consumption: Excessive alcohol consumption can weaken bones and make them more likely to break. Older people should limit their alcohol intake to no more than one drink per day for women and two drinks per day for men.
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